Indian Current Affairs News Digest
Date: December 24, 2025
Compiled from 15+ leading Indian news sources
Your daily exam-focused news digest covering critical developments across governance, economy, international relations, science, and sports. Every article verified from original newspaper sources.
Today’s Top 10 Recall Points (Snapshot)
- Anti-Terror Policy: Union Home Ministry finalising India’s first National Counter Terrorism Policy.
- Vigyan Shri Award: President Droupadi Murmu confers Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar on Dr. S. Venkata Mohan.
- RBI Repo Rate: Repo rate stands at 5.25% following a cumulative 125 bps cut in 2025.
- Infrastructure: Rajnath Singh releases BRO’s first-ever Guide for Road Project Reports (DPRs).
- Diplomatic Tensions: India and Bangladesh summon envoys over mission security and border killings.
- Economic Base Year: MoSPI to revise base year for GDP and CPI to capture the digital economy.
- New Zealand Trade: India and New Zealand finalize a landmark Free Trade Agreement (FTA).
- Women’s Cricket: India beats Sri Lanka by 7 wickets in 2nd T20I; leads series 2-0.
- Environment: NGT seeks response on the destruction of 84 historic ponds in Fatehpur, UP.
- Operation Sagar Bandhu: EAM S. Jaishankar visits Sri Lanka as a special envoy for relief efforts.
1. STATE AFFAIRS
Delhi Notifies Transparency in School Fees Act to Curb Private Hikes
Summary: Delhi government implements a three-tier regulatory framework for private school fees.
On December 23, 2025, the Delhi government formally notified the Delhi School Education (Transparency in Fixation and Regulation of Fees) Act, 2025. This landmark legislation aims to address long-standing grievances regarding arbitrary fee hikes by private unaided schools in the National Capital Territory. The Act brings over 1,500 private schools under a mandatory three-tier regulatory framework, ensuring that any increase in fees is justified by audited accounts and pedagogical requirements.
The law mandates the inclusion of parent representatives in fee-determination committees, providing them a “seat at the table” for the first time. Education Minister Atishi stated that the move is designed to prevent “commercialization of education” while ensuring the financial viability of institutions. Failure to comply with the transparency norms can lead to heavy penalties or withdrawal of the school’s recognition.
Exam Angle: Relevant for State PSCs and UPSC (Governance/Education Policy). Note the “Three-Tier Framework” and the specific Act name.
Source: Indian Express
Andhra Pradesh Solar Project Faces NGT Scrutiny Over Land Diversion
Summary: NGT reviews transfer of 8,348 acres of agricultural land for a solar plant.
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) on December 23, 2025, took cognisance of a petition regarding the transfer of 8,348 acres of fertile agricultural land in Karedu village, Nellore district, Andhra Pradesh. The land was allocated for a massive solar manufacturing project by M/s Indosol Solar Pvt. Ltd. The tribunal expressed concern over the potential displacement and loss of livelihood for approximately 16,000 families in the Ulavapadu mandal.
The applicants argued that the diversion of high-yield agricultural land for industrial use violates environmental norms and sustainable development principles. The NGT has directed the state government and the Ministry of Environment to submit a detailed report on the environmental impact assessment and the rehabilitation plan for the affected farmers. This case highlights the growing tension between renewable energy expansion and local land rights.
Exam Angle: Important for Environment and Ecology sections (NGT’s role, Land Use Policy).
Source: Down To Earth
Uttar Pradesh Ponds Disappearing: NGT Issues Directives to State Wetland Authority
Summary: NGT probes the illegal levelling of 84 historical ponds in Fatehpur district.
On December 23, 2025, the National Green Tribunal (NGT) directed the Uttar Pradesh State Wetland Authority to investigate the rapid disappearance of waterbodies in Fatehpur district. While official records state the existence of 84 ponds in the Nagar Palika Parishad area, the tribunal noted that many have been illegally filled with soil overnight by land mafias in collusion with local revenue officials.
The NGT bench emphasized that the destruction of these centuries-old ponds violates the “Precautionary Principle” and the “Polluter Pays Principle.” The court has ordered a physical verification of all 84 sites and mandated the restoration of the Manthei pond, which was reportedly being levelled for commercial plotting. This development is part of a larger crackdown on the encroachment of wetlands across North India to preserve the groundwater table.
Exam Angle: Relevant for UPSC GS-III (Environment/Water Conservation) and UPPSC.
Source: Down To Earth
2. NATIONAL AFFAIRS
Home Ministry Finalises India’s First National Counter-Terrorism Policy
Summary: Government readies a unified template for states to combat digital radicalisation.
The Union Home Ministry is in the final stages of preparing India’s first-ever National Counter Terrorism Policy and Strategy, as confirmed on December 23, 2025. The policy aims to provide a uniform template for all State Police forces and Central Agencies to respond to terror incidents. Key focus areas include digital radicalisation, the misuse of open borders (specifically with Nepal), and foreign-funded conversion networks.
Home Ministry officials and the National Investigation Agency (NIA) have incorporated inputs regarding “Aadhaar spoofing” and the use of the National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) for real-time tracking. The policy comes in the wake of the November 10 suicide attack near the Red Fort, which revealed an extensive online radicalisation network. The formal contours of the policy are expected to be unveiled during the anti-terror conference scheduled for late December in New Delhi.
Exam Angle: Critical for Internal Security (UPSC GS-III). Focus on NATGRID, NIA roles, and “Digital Radicalisation.”
Source: The Hindu
Rajnath Singh Releases BRO’s New Guide for Strategic Road Infrastructure
Summary: Defence Minister launches DPR preparation guide to prevent cost and time overruns.
Union Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh released the ‘Guide on Preparation of Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) for Road Infrastructure Projects’ in New Delhi on December 23, 2025. Prepared by the Border Roads Organisation (BRO), this document is the first of its kind to standardize the engineering design and construction methodology for strategic roads in remote Himalayan and border terrains.
The guide addresses the chronic issue of time and cost overruns caused by poorly prepared initial reports. By ensuring technical accuracy and cost-effectiveness from the start, the BRO aims to accelerate connectivity projects along the LAC and LoC. Minister Rajnath Singh noted that “systematic planning” is essential for national security and the socio-economic development of border regions. The document will now serve as a mandatory manual for all BRO engineers.
Exam Angle: Important for National Security and Infrastructure (GS-III). Focus on the role of BRO in strategic connectivity.
Source: Press Information Bureau
Supreme Court Reaffirms Ban on Using Forest Land for Agriculture
Summary: Apex court rules that non-forestry activities like farming are prohibited on forest lands.
In a significant judgment delivered on December 23, 2025, the Supreme Court of India ruled that forest lands cannot be diverted for non-forestry purposes, specifically including agriculture. The court clarified that even if individuals have been tilling land within forest boundaries for years, they cannot claim ownership or continue farming without explicit Central Government clearance under the Forest (Conservation) Act.
The bench emphasized that the “primary duty” of the state is to preserve the ecological integrity of forests. This ruling is expected to impact several states where forest land has been encroached upon for cash crops. The court directed state forest departments to initiate eviction proceedings in ecologically sensitive zones while ensuring that the rights of genuine tribal communities under the Forest Rights Act (FRA) are protected through a separate verification process.
Exam Angle: Landmark judgment for Environment Law and Tribal Rights (GS-II/GS-III).
Source: The Hindu
3. INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
India and Bangladesh Summon Envoys Amid Spiralling Diplomatic Tensions
Summary: Bilateral ties sour over mission security and the killing of a Hindu youth.
Tensions between New Delhi and Dhaka reached a new high on December 23, 2025, as both nations summoned each other’s envoys in tit-for-tat diplomatic protests. Dhaka summoned Indian High Commissioner Pranay Verma to protest “violent demonstrations” by VHP and Bajrang Dal outside the Bangladesh High Commission in New Delhi. Meanwhile, India expressed “deep concern” over the lynching of Dipu Chandra Das, a 27-year-old Hindu youth in Mymensingh.
The diplomatic standoff follows the suspension of visa services by the Bangladesh High Commission in India on December 22. Protesters in Delhi breached police barricades in Chanakyapuri on Tuesday, demanding justice for atrocities against minorities in Bangladesh. The Indian Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) has urged the interim government in Dhaka to ensure the safety of Indian diplomatic personnel and religious minorities under the Vienna Convention.
Exam Angle: High relevance for India-Bangladesh relations and International Treaties (Vienna Convention).
Source: Indian Express
EAM S. Jaishankar Visits Sri Lanka to Launch ‘Operation Sagar Bandhu’
Summary: India provides humanitarian aid to Sri Lanka following devastation by Cyclone Ditwah.
External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar arrived in Colombo on December 23, 2025, as a Special Envoy of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The visit marks the official launch of ‘Operation Sagar Bandhu,’ India’s disaster relief mission to help Sri Lanka recover from the catastrophic effects of Cyclone Ditwah. India has already dispatched three naval ships carrying food, medicine, and portable water purification plants.
During his meeting with the Sri Lankan leadership, Dr. Jaishankar reiterated India’s ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy. Beyond immediate relief, the two nations discussed long-term climate resilience and the restoration of the power grid in the Northern Province. This visit underscores India’s role as a “First Responder” in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and strengthens strategic ties with Colombo amidst regional geopolitical shifts.
Exam Angle: Important for IR (Neighbourhood First Policy) and Disaster Management. Note the name “Operation Sagar Bandhu.”
Source: Ministry of External Affairs
India and New Zealand Finalise Landmark Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
Summary: Pact to provide tariff-free access for Indian goods to New Zealand markets.
On December 23, 2025, India and New Zealand announced the successful conclusion of negotiations for a Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (FTA). The deal, which was fast-tracked during the last quarter, will provide tariff-free access to over 90% of Indian exports, including textiles, pharmaceuticals, and gems. In exchange, New Zealand will gain better market access for its dairy technology and agricultural products.
Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal stated that the FTA is “balanced and mutually beneficial,” specifically helping Indian IT professionals gain easier work visas in New Zealand. This is India’s fourth major trade deal in the last two years, following agreements with the UAE, Australia, and the EFTA. The deal is expected to double the bilateral trade volume, currently at $2.5 billion, within the next five years.
Exam Angle: Crucial for Economy/IR (Trade Agreements). Memorize the “Tariff-free access” and “Bilateral trade target.”
Source: Times of India
4. ECONOMY & FINANCE
MoSPI to Revise Base Year for National Accounts to Capture Digital Growth
Summary: Secretary Saurabh Garg announces updates to GDP and CPI methodologies.
The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) announced on December 23, 2025, that it is undertaking a comprehensive revision of the base year for national accounts. MoSPI Secretary Saurabh Garg stated that the current base year (2011-12) no longer accurately reflects the structural changes in the Indian economy, particularly the rapid expansion of the digital economy and evolving consumption patterns.
The revision will integrate new data sources like Goods and Services Tax (GST) data, Public Financial Management System (PFMS) data, and real-time digital transaction records. The ministry is also considering the adoption of “double deflation” to better separate inflation from real growth. A concept paper on the updated methodologies for GDP, CPI, and the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) will be released soon to ensure global statistical standards are met.
Exam Angle: Vital for Indian Economy (GDP/CPI calculation). Understand “Double Deflation” and why base year revision is needed.
Source: Economic Times
RBI’s Aggressive Pivot: 2025 Concludes with Repo Rate at 5.25%
Summary: Central bank cut rates by 125 basis points in 2025 to support 8%+ GDP growth.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) wrapped up the 2025 calendar year on December 23 with a final review of its pro-growth shift. Under Governor Sanjay Malhotra, the central bank executed four rate cuts during the year, totaling a 125-basis point reduction. This brought the repo rate down from 6.50% in February to 5.25% in December, the lowest level since 2019.
The shift was supported by “historically low” inflation, which touched 0.3% in October and 0.7% in November 2025. Governor Malhotra noted that the Indian economy is in a “rare Goldilocks period” of high growth (above 8%) and low inflation. However, the RBI remains “vigilant” regarding the rupee, which moved past ₹91 per dollar due to global trade tensions. The neutral stance maintained in December provides flexibility for data-dependent actions in 2026.
Exam Angle: Essential for Banking/Economy. Note the specific Repo Rate (5.25%) and the term “Goldilocks Period.”
Source: Economic Times
EY Report: Union Budget FY27 to Focus on Boosting Domestic Demand
Summary: Global headwinds and trade uncertainties likely to shift fiscal focus inward.
A report by consultancy major EY, titled ‘Economy Watch’ and released on December 23, 2025, suggests that the upcoming Union Budget for FY27 will prioritize “targeted support for domestic demand.” With global trade conditions staying volatile due to US tariffs and geopolitical tensions, the report argues that India must rely on its resilient internal market to sustain an average growth of 6.5% to 7%.
EY highlighted that while the Centre may see some revenue sacrifice from GST reforms, additional receipts from the newly passed ‘Health Security and National Security Cess Bill, 2025’ will support fiscal consolidation. The report also warned that the contribution of net exports to GDP remains negative, making capital expenditure (Capex) growth of 15–20% essential for maintaining economic momentum in the next fiscal year.
Exam Angle: Important for Budget/Fiscal Policy analysis (GS-III).
Source: Business Standard
5. SPORTS
Shafali Verma’s Blitzkrieg Leads India to 2-0 Series Lead Over Sri Lanka
Summary: India Women thrash Sri Lanka by 7 wickets in the 2nd T20I at Visakhapatnam.
On December 23, 2025, the Indian Women’s cricket team secured a dominant 7-wicket victory over Sri Lanka in the second T20 International at the ACA-VDCA Stadium in Visakhapatnam. Chasing a modest target of 129, opener Shafali Verma played a sensational unbeaten knock of 69 runs off just 34 balls. India overhauled the target in only 11.5 overs, losing three wickets in the process.
Earlier, the Indian bowlers restricted the visitors to 128 for 9 in their 20 overs. Sri Lankan skipper Chamari Athapaththu (31) and Harshitha Samarawickrama (33) provided some resistance, but the Indian spin attack kept the scoring rate in check. With this win, the Harmanpreet Kaur-led side takes a 2-0 lead in the five-match series. The teams will now move to Thiruvananthapuram for the ‘Boxing Day’ clash on December 26.
Exam Angle: Sports awards and achievements. Note the venue and key performers for GK sections.
Source: NDTV Sports
India and Pakistan to Clash in U-19 Asia Cup Final Showdown
Summary: Arch-rivals set for high-stakes final on December 24 after semi-final wins.
The cricket world is set for a high-voltage clash as India and Pakistan secured their spots in the final of the Under-19 Asia Cup. As of December 23, 2025, both teams have arrived at the final venue following comprehensive wins in their respective semi-finals. India’s young brigade, led by their prolific middle-order, will look to defend their title against a formidable Pakistani bowling attack.
The final, scheduled for December 24, is being viewed as a preview of the next generation of cricketing talent. Sports analysts have highlighted the performance of India’s young spinners, who have been the highest wicket-takers in the tournament so far. The match is expected to draw a massive global audience, further intensifying the rivalry at the junior level.
Exam Angle: Relevant for sports news in Banking and SSC exams.
Source: Jagran Josh
6. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT
President Murmu Confers ‘Vigyan Shri’ Award on Dr. S. Venkata Mohan
Summary: CSIR-NEERI Director honored for pioneering work in environmental bioengineering.
On December 23, 2025, President Droupadi Murmu conferred the prestigious Rashtriya Vigyan Puraskar – Vigyan Shri on Dr. S. Venkata Mohan at Rashtrapati Bhavan. Dr. Mohan, who serves as the Director of CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, was recognized for his outstanding contributions to the field of Environmental Science and Engineering.
His pioneering research focuses on “circular bioeconomy” and “waste-to-wealth” technologies. Dr. Mohan has developed scalable innovations in wastewater treatment and CO₂ bio-sequestration, which are critical for India’s Net Zero targets. With over 450 publications and 16 patents, he has previously received the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize. This award underscores the government’s focus on sustainable environmental technologies as part of the ‘Viksit Bharat’ vision.
Exam Angle: Very important for Awards & Honours. Memorize the recipient, his field (Environmental Science), and the award name (Vigyan Shri).
Source: Press Information Bureau
Scientists Use Wasps and Fungi as ‘Natural Allies’ Against Crop Pests
Summary: Breakthrough in biological pest control to protect cassava crops in Africa.
In a report highlighted on December 23, 2025, scientists from the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) have successfully deployed tiny parasitic wasps and an “invisible fungus” to combat pests destroying cassava crops. This biological control method involves releasing wasps that parasitise the mealybug, a pest that has caused billions in losses for farmers in Africa and South America.
The success of this program demonstrates a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides. By using natural enemies found in South America and releasing them in Africa, researchers have achieved a significant reduction in pest populations without harming the ecosystem. This “Natural Foes as Allies” approach is now being studied for application in Indian agriculture, particularly for crops like sugarcane and cotton which face similar invasive threats.
Exam Angle: Science and Tech (Biotechnology/Agriculture). Focus on the concept of “Biological Control.”
Source: Down To Earth
7. OTHERS
President Droupadi Murmu Delivers IB Centenary Endowment Lecture
Summary: Speech emphasizes ‘People-Centric National Security’ for a Viksit Bharat.
The Hon’ble President of India, Smt. Droupadi Murmu, addressed the Intelligence Bureau (IB) Centenary Endowment Lecture in New Delhi on December 23, 2025. Speaking on the subject “People-Centric National Security: Community Participation in Building Viksit Bharat,” the President highlighted that security is no longer just a “border or law-and-order issue” but involves every citizen.
She praised the IB for its silent service to the nation over the last century and urged the agency to adapt to the challenges of the digital age, including deepfakes and misinformation. The President emphasized that a “Viksit Bharat” (Developed India) can only be built on a foundation of absolute internal and external security, where the community acts as the “eyes and ears” of the security apparatus.
Exam Angle: Important for Ethics/Governance (GS-II/IV) and Constitutional posts.
Source: Press Information Bureau
UNESCO Recognition for Nalanda ‘Debate Traditions’ Under Consideration
Summary: India moves to revive and seek global heritage status for ancient debate culture.
On December 23, 2025, the Ministry of Culture announced that a formal proposal is being drafted to seek UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage status for the “Nalanda Traditions of Debate.” This initiative aims to revive the ancient logical and philosophical debating style that flourished at Nalanda University for centuries, attracting scholars from across the globe.
The government plans to host a series of international Nalanda Debates in early 2026 to showcase the relevance of this ancient intellectual tradition in solving modern-day conflicts. Culture Minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat stated that preserving such “living traditions” is vital for India’s “Soft Power.” If successful, this would be India’s latest addition to the UNESCO list, following Garba and Yoga.
Exam Angle: Art & Culture (UNESCO Intangible Heritage). Note the historical context of Nalanda University.
Source: Times of India
QUICK REVISION TOOLKIT: CORE RECALL POINTS
1. National & State Governance
- Delhi School Education Act 2025: Three-tier regulatory framework for 1,500+ private schools to curb arbitrary fee hikes.
- Significance: Tests knowledge of State Governance, Education Policy reforms, and regulatory mechanisms.
- National Counter Terrorism Policy: India’s first unified anti-terror template focusing on digital radicalisation and NATGRID integration.
- Significance: Critical for Internal Security (UPSC GS-III), NIA, and counter-terrorism frameworks.
- BRO DPR Guide Release: Defence Minister launches first standardized manual for strategic road infrastructure in border areas.
- Significance: Infrastructure development, BRO’s role in national security, and LAC/LoC connectivity.
- Supreme Court Forest Land Ruling: Apex court reaffirms ban on agricultural use of forest land without Central clearance.
- Significance: Landmark judgment on Forest Conservation Act and Forest Rights Act (FRA) balance.
- NGT Wetland Protection (UP): Tribunal orders investigation into illegal filling of 84 historical ponds in Fatehpur.
- Significance: Environmental jurisprudence, Precautionary Principle, Polluter Pays Principle.
- NGT Solar Project Review (AP): Scrutiny of 8,348 acres agricultural land diversion for solar plant in Nellore.
- Significance: Balancing renewable energy expansion with land rights and environmental norms.
- President’s IB Centenary Lecture: “People-Centric National Security” for Viksit Bharat emphasizing community participation.
- Significance: Constitutional posts, internal security evolution, and digital age challenges.
2. Economy & Finance
- RBI Repo Rate at 5.25%: Cumulative 125 bps cut in 2025 under Governor Sanjay Malhotra; lowest since 2019.
- Significance: Monetary policy, “Goldilocks period” of high growth (8%+) with low inflation (0.3%-0.7%).
- MoSPI Base Year Revision: Moving from 2011-12 base to capture digital economy using GST, PFMS data.
- Significance: GDP/CPI calculation methodology, “Double Deflation” concept, and statistical reforms.
- Union Budget FY27 Forecast: EY report predicts focus on domestic demand with 15-20% Capex growth.
- Significance: Fiscal policy direction, domestic consumption-led growth amid global headwinds.
- India-New Zealand FTA: Comprehensive agreement providing 90% tariff-free access; bilateral trade target doubled from $2.5 billion.
- Significance: Trade agreements, IT professional mobility, and strategic economic partnerships.
3. International Relations & Defence
- India-Bangladesh Diplomatic Tensions: Both nations summon envoys over mission security and minority violence.
- Significance: Bilateral relations, Vienna Convention on diplomatic protection, and minority rights.
- Operation Sagar Bandhu: EAM Jaishankar’s Sri Lanka visit for Cyclone Ditwah relief with three naval ships.
- Significance: Neighbourhood First Policy, India as “First Responder” in Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
4. Science, Environment & Sports
- Vigyan Shri Award 2025: Dr. S. Venkata Mohan (CSIR-NEERI Director) honored for environmental bioengineering.
- Significance: Awards & Honours, circular bioeconomy, waste-to-wealth tech, Net Zero targets.
- Biological Pest Control Breakthrough: CIAT scientists use parasitic wasps and fungi against cassava pests.
- Significance: Sustainable agriculture, biotechnology applications, “Natural Foes as Allies” approach.
- India Women’s Cricket Victory: Shafali Verma’s 69* (34) leads India to 7-wicket win; 2-0 series lead over Sri Lanka.
- Significance: Sports achievements, T20I series at Visakhapatnam venue.
- U-19 Asia Cup Final: India vs Pakistan showdown scheduled for December 24, 2025.
- Significance: Youth cricket, India’s spinners as highest wicket-takers in tournament.
5. Art, Culture & Heritage
- UNESCO Nalanda Debate Traditions: Ministry of Culture drafting proposal for Intangible Cultural Heritage status.
- Significance: Soft Power, reviving ancient intellectual traditions, addition to UNESCO list after Garba and Yoga.
