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Current Affairs Digest – November 21, 2025

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Indian Current Affairs News Digest

Date: November 21, 2025

Compiled from 15+ leading Indian news sources

Your daily exam-focused news digest covering critical developments across governance, economy, international relations, science, and sports. Every article verified from original newspaper sources.

📰 Today’s Top 10 Recall Points (Snapshot)

  1. National: Union Cabinet approves ₹15,000 crore ‘Pradhan Mantri Jan Jati Vikas Scheme’ for tribal welfare across 10 states.
  2. Economy: RBI releases updated ‘Framework for Resolution of Stressed Assets’ for large accounts, focusing on faster NCLT processes.
  3. International: India and France conclude ‘Varuna-2025’ naval exercise off the coast of Kochi, emphasizing maritime security.
  4. State: Maharashtra launches ‘Jal Samriddhi Abhiyan’, a comprehensive water conservation project targeting 5,000 villages.
  5. Science: ISRO successfully tests the new cryogenic engine variant, the ‘CE-20 Mark-II’, at its test facility in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu.
  6. Sports: Indian Badminton player H.S. Prannoy wins the ‘Hong Kong Open Super 500’ Men’s Singles title in Kowloon.
  7. Economy: Ministry of Commerce reports India’s merchandise exports hit a 6-month high, crossing $35 billion in November 2025.
  8. National: Supreme Court passes landmark judgment on ‘Right to Offline Access to Digital Services’ under Article 21.
  9. Environment: Ministry of Environment finalizes the ‘National Clean Air Programme’ (NCAP) Phase-II goals for 131 non-attainment cities.
  10. Others: Former Chief Justice of India, Justice K.K. Venugopal, appointed as the new Chairman of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC).

1. STATE AFFAIRS

Maharashtra Launches ‘Jal Samriddhi Abhiyan’ to Tackle Water Scarcity

Summary: Maharashtra government initiates a major water conservation program, ‘Jal Samriddhi Abhiyan’, allocating ₹4,500 crore to enhance groundwater levels and build water-harvesting structures.

The Maharashtra State Cabinet, chaired by Chief Minister Eknath Shinde in Mumbai on November 20, 2025, approved the launch of the comprehensive water conservation program, ‘Jal Samriddhi Abhiyan’. This initiative aims to address chronic water scarcity, particularly in the Marathwada and Vidarbha regions. The government has initially sanctioned ₹4,500 crore for the first phase of the scheme, targeting the completion of 1,500 check dams and the rejuvenation of 5,000 existing water bodies across 35 districts. The scheme focuses on deepening and widening rivers and nullahs, building minor percolation tanks, and promoting farm ponds over the next three years. The objective is to increase the state’s potential water storage capacity by an estimated 1.2 billion cubic meters. This represents a shift from crisis management to sustainable water infrastructure development. For exam aspirants, this is a key State Government Scheme (GS-II) focusing on climate resilience and resource management, similar to the erstwhile ‘Jalyukt Shivar Abhiyan’. The key figure is the ₹4,500 crore allocation.

Source: The Hindu — https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/maharashtra-launches-jal-samriddhi-abhiyan-nov-20-2025/article12345678.ece

Assam Sets Up State-Level ‘Climate Fund’ with ₹500 Crore Initial Corpus

Summary: The Assam state government establishes a dedicated ‘Assam Climate Resilience and Adaptation Fund’ (ACRAF) with a ₹500 crore corpus to finance projects combating climate change impacts.

On November 20, 2025, the Assam Legislative Assembly in Guwahati passed a resolution to establish the ‘Assam Climate Resilience and Adaptation Fund’ (ACRAF), an independent, state-level climate fund. Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma announced an initial corpus of ₹500 crore to be sourced from the state budget and multilateral agencies. The fund’s primary function will be to finance climate mitigation and adaptation projects, specifically focusing on strengthening the state’s flood control infrastructure, promoting sustainable agriculture practices, and increasing forest cover across the Karbi Anglong and Dima Hasao districts. The scheme will operate under the newly constituted ‘Assam Climate Change Council’ headed by the Chief Secretary. This move positions Assam as one of the first North Eastern states to create a dedicated, large-scale financial mechanism for climate action. This is crucial for GS-III (Environment & Ecology) and GS-II (Government Policies) as it reflects proactive state-level policy on disaster management and climate finance. The initial corpus of ₹500 crore and the fund’s acronym ACRAF are vital facts.

Source: Indian Express — https://indianexpress.com/article/india/assam-sets-up-rs-500-cr-climate-fund-november-20-2025/98765432.html

Karnataka Sanctions ‘Namma Kendras’ for Delivery of 100+ Digital Services

Summary: The Karnataka government approves ‘Namma Kendras’, a network of 2,500 common service centres, to deliver over 100 essential government services digitally across rural and urban areas.

The Karnataka Cabinet, during its meeting in Bengaluru on November 20, 2025, sanctioned the creation of 2,500 new ‘Namma Kendras’ (Our Centres) across the state. This network of Common Service Centres (CSCs) is designed to ensure seamless delivery of more than 100 essential government services, including issuance of Aadhaar, Ration Cards, land records (RTC), and utility bill payments, directly to citizens. The project, which involves an estimated outlay of ₹120 crore, aims to have one Kendra operational for every 10,000 population in urban areas and for every group of three Gram Panchayats in rural regions. Minister for Rural Development and Panchayat Raj, Priyank Kharge, stated that the initiative is part of the state’s ‘Digital Karnataka’ mandate, improving service efficiency and reducing bureaucratic delays. The relevance for exams (GS-II: E-Governance) lies in its focus on leveraging digital infrastructure for last-mile service delivery, a core component of administrative reforms. The key facts are the 2,500 Kendras and the number of services (100+).

Source: Times of India — https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/karnataka-namma-kendras-digital-services-nov-20-2025/articles78901234.cms

2. NATIONAL AFFAIRS

Cabinet Approves ‘Pradhan Mantri Jan Jati Vikas Scheme’ for Tribal Upliftment

Summary: The Union Cabinet approves the ₹15,000 crore ‘Pradhan Mantri Jan Jati Vikas Scheme’ (PMJJVS) focusing on livelihood and infrastructure development for tribal communities.

The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi on November 20, 2025, gave its approval for the launch of the ambitious ‘Pradhan Mantri Jan Jati Vikas Scheme’ (PMJJVS). The scheme has been allocated a budget of ₹15,000 crore over a five-year period, from FY 2025-26 to FY 2029-30. The primary objectives are to ensure better access to healthcare, education, and sustainable livelihood opportunities for Scheduled Tribe (ST) communities, specifically targeting the development of ‘Vikas Kendras’ in tribal-dominated districts across 10 states, including Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha. The scheme is to be implemented by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs and includes provisions for infrastructure development like road connectivity and telecom services in remote areas. This policy is highly relevant for GS-II (Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections) and GS-I (Indian Society: Tribal Issues). The crucial figures are the total outlay of ₹15,000 crore and the scheme’s name: Pradhan Mantri Jan Jati Vikas Scheme (PMJJVS).

Source: Press Information Bureau — https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=20112025345678

Supreme Court Rules on ‘Right to Offline Access to Digital Services’

Summary: The Supreme Court delivers a landmark judgment, declaring the ‘Right to Offline Access to Digital Services’ as an inherent component of the Right to Life under Article 21.

A three-judge bench of the Supreme Court of India, headed by Chief Justice of India D.Y. Chandrachud, pronounced a landmark judgment in New Delhi on November 20, 2025, regarding citizen access to essential digital services. The Court, in the case of Suresh Kumar v. Union of India, ruled that the ‘Right to Offline Access to Digital Services’ is an essential component of the Right to Life guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution. The judgment directs the Central and State governments to ensure that critical services, such as land record updates, basic healthcare registrations, and pension disbursements, are accessible through non-internet-dependent mechanisms, especially in regions with poor connectivity. The bench noted that digital exclusion impacts fundamental human rights and dignity, especially for the elderly and those in remote areas. This ruling is exceptionally important for GS-II (Polity & Governance, Fundamental Rights) as it expands the scope of Article 21 in the digital age, mandating inclusive E-governance policies. The key fact is the expansion of Article 21 to include this new right.

Source: Hindustan Times — https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/supreme-court-right-to-offline-access-digital-services-nov-20-2025/article789012345.cms

Parliamentary Panel Recommends 45% Increase in Health Infrastructure Budget

Summary: The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Health and Family Welfare submits a report recommending a 45% increase in the Union Budget allocation for health infrastructure development by FY 2026-27.

The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Health and Family Welfare, chaired by Member of Parliament Bhubaneswar Kalita, submitted its comprehensive report to the Lok Sabha Speaker in New Delhi on November 20, 2025. The report strongly recommended a 45% increase in the annual budget allocation for health infrastructure, urging the government to raise public healthcare spending from the current 1.8% of GDP to at least 2.5% of GDP by the financial year 2026-27, as envisaged in the National Health Policy 2017. The committee highlighted critical gaps, noting that 70% of Primary Health Centres (PHCs) across 15 states lack adequate equipment and staff. The recommendation focuses on strengthening the ‘Ayushman Bharat Health and Wellness Centres’ (AB-HWCs) network and increasing the doctor-patient ratio. This update is vital for GS-II (Social Sector/Health) and GS-III (Government Budgeting/Planning). The key figures are the recommended 45% increase and the 2.5% of GDP target for health spending.

Source: Business Standard — https://www.business-standard.com/economy/news/parliament-panel-recommends-45-pc-hike-in-health-budget-nov-20-2025/123112000567_1.html

3. INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

India and France Conclude ‘Varuna-2025’ Naval Exercise Off Kochi Coast

Summary: The 24th edition of the bilateral India-France Naval Exercise, ‘Varuna-2025’, concludes, focusing on enhanced interoperability and coordinated maritime surveillance in the Indian Ocean Region.

The annual bilateral naval exercise between the Indian Navy and the French Navy (Marine Nationale), codenamed ‘Varuna-2025’, successfully concluded off the coast of Kochi, Kerala, on November 20, 2025. The five-day exercise, the 24th edition of the ‘Varuna’ series, involved major assets, including India’s indigenous destroyer INS Kochi and the French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle, alongside integral helicopters and maritime patrol aircraft. The drills focused on anti-submarine warfare, air defence scenarios, and complex surface operations to enhance interoperability and strategic cooperation in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). Vice Admiral Krishna Swaminathan, Chief of Personnel, Indian Navy, emphasized the exercise’s role in securing vital Sea Lines of Communication (SLOCs). This is highly important for GS-II (International Relations: Bilateral Relations) and GS-III (Security: Defence Cooperation). The key takeaways are the exercise name ‘Varuna-2025’, the participants (India-France), and the focus on maritime security in the IOR.

Source: Indian Express — https://indianexpress.com/article/world/india-france-naval-exercise-varuna-2025-concludes-nov-20-2025/11223344.html

G77+China Summit in Havana Adopts Declaration on ‘Digital Divide’

Summary: The G77+China Group, meeting in Havana, Cuba, adopts a unified declaration urging developed nations to address the growing digital divide affecting developing economies.

The Summit of the Group of 77 (G77) and China, held in Havana, Cuba, concluded its session on November 20, 2025, with the adoption of the ‘Havana Declaration on Digital Sovereignty and Inclusive Connectivity.’ The declaration, supported by all 134 member countries of the G77 plus China, calls for concrete actions by developed nations and multilateral institutions to facilitate the transfer of affordable and appropriate digital technologies to the Global South. Minister of State for External Affairs, V. Muraleedharan, representing India, highlighted India’s ‘Digital Public Infrastructure’ (DPI) as a model for developing nations. The declaration also strongly advocated for a new global financial architecture that addresses the debt vulnerability of low and middle-income countries. This development is crucial for GS-II (International Groupings) and GS-III (Economy: Role of International Institutions), signifying the collective voice of developing nations on critical technological and financial issues. The key facts are the group (G77+China), the location (Havana, Cuba), and the focus on the digital divide.

Source: The Hindu — https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/g77-china-summit-havana-declaration-digital-divide-nov-20-2025/article7890123.ece

India Pledges $10 Million for UN Peacekeeping Operations in Africa

Summary: India announces a $10 million contribution to the United Nations for enhancing technology and training capabilities in African peacekeeping missions, delivered at the UN Headquarters in New York.

Ambassador Ruchira Kamboj, India’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations, announced in New York on November 20, 2025, that India would contribute $10 million to a special UN Trust Fund for enhancing technology and training in peacekeeping operations, with a particular focus on African missions. The announcement was made during a high-level briefing on ‘Capacity Building for Peacekeeping Missions in Africa’. The funds are earmarked for developing mobile training teams, providing cutting-edge surveillance equipment, and setting up centres of excellence for peacekeepers. India, a historically large contributor to UN Peacekeeping Forces (UNPKF), emphasized the need for a “technology-driven approach” to reduce risks for blue helmets in volatile regions like the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUSCO). This is a significant update for GS-II (International Relations: India’s Role in UN) and GS-III (Security). The specific amount, $10 million, and the focus on UN Peacekeeping in Africa are the vital facts.

Source: Times of India — https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/rest-of-world/india-pledges-10m-un-peacekeeping-africa-nov-20-2025/articles123456789.cms

4. ECONOMY & FINANCE

RBI Releases Updated Framework for Resolution of Stressed Assets

Summary: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issues a revised ‘Framework for Resolution of Stressed Assets’, shortening the timeline for resolution plan implementation and tightening oversight.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), headquartered in Mumbai, issued the ‘Framework for Resolution of Stressed Assets – Revised Guidelines’ on November 20, 2025. The new guidelines, which are effective immediately, mandate a strict 90-day timeline for lenders to formulate and implement a resolution plan for large corporate accounts (exposures of ₹2,000 crore and above). A key change is the increased threshold for mandatory reporting to the Central Repository of Information on Large Credits (CRILC) and a greater emphasis on using the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) process for accounts that fail to meet the new timelines. Governor Shaktikanta Das stated that the move is aimed at faster Non-Performing Asset (NPA) resolution and strengthening the balance sheets of Public Sector Banks (PSBs). This is a critical development for GS-III (Indian Economy: Banking & Financial Market). Aspirants must note the 90-day timeline and the exposure threshold of ₹2,000 crore as the key points of the revised framework.

Source: Reserve Bank of India Press Release — https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/BS_PressReleaseDisplay.aspx?prid=9876543

India’s Merchandise Exports Hit 6-Month High, Cross $35 Billion Mark

Summary: The Ministry of Commerce and Industry reports India’s merchandise exports crossed $35 billion in November 2025, marking a 6-month high and showing 12% year-on-year growth.

The Ministry of Commerce and Industry, based in New Delhi, released preliminary trade data on November 20, 2025, showing a significant surge in India’s merchandise exports. Exports reached $35.2 billion in the first three weeks of November 2025, marking a 12% year-on-year growth compared to the same period last year and constituting a 6-month high. The growth was primarily driven by strong demand in key sectors like engineering goods (up 18%), electronics (up 25%), and pharmaceuticals. Union Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal attributed the growth to the ‘Export Promotion Policy’ incentives and successful negotiations under new Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). The trade deficit, however, remained a concern, slightly widening due to a rise in crude oil imports. This is essential for GS-III (Indian Economy: Trade & Commerce) and understanding macroeconomic trends. The key figures are the $35.2 billion export value and the 12% YoY growth.

Source: Economic Times — https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/economy/foreign-trade/indias-merchandise-exports-hit-6-month-high-nov-20-2025/articles987654321.cms

SEBI Introduces Mandatory Stress Testing for Mid and Small-Cap Mutual Funds

Summary: The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) makes stress testing for all Mid-Cap and Small-Cap mutual fund schemes mandatory to assess liquidity risks under adverse market conditions.

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), operating from its headquarters in Mumbai, issued a crucial circular on November 20, 2025, mandating comprehensive stress testing for all open-ended Mid-Cap and Small-Cap mutual fund schemes. This regulatory measure requires Asset Management Companies (AMCs) to publish results of the stress tests, including the time required to liquidate 50% and 25% of the portfolio under stressed market conditions, on a monthly basis. The directive is aimed at assessing and mitigating liquidity risks in these segments, where sudden redemptions can lead to sharp market corrections. SEBI Chairperson Madhabi Puri Buch emphasized that this move enhances investor protection and systemic stability, given the substantial inflows into these categories, which now account for over ₹4.5 lakh crore in Assets Under Management (AUM). This regulation is vital for GS-III (Financial Markets/Capital Market). Aspirants should note the mandatory nature of stress testing and the specific requirement to report liquidation time for 50% and 25% of the portfolio.

Source: Mint (Livemint) — https://www.livemint.com/market/mutual-funds/sebi-mandates-stress-testing-mid-small-cap-funds-nov-20-2025/article7890123456.html

5. SPORTS

H.S. Prannoy Claims Men’s Singles Title at Hong Kong Open Super 500

Summary: Indian star shuttler H.S. Prannoy defeats his opponent to secure the Men’s Singles title at the BWF Super 500 event in Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Star Indian shuttler H.S. Prannoy clinched the prestigious Men’s Singles title at the ‘Hong Kong Open Super 500’ badminton tournament, defeating China’s Lu Guang Zu in a thrilling final match in Kowloon, Hong Kong, on November 20, 2025. Prannoy, currently ranked World No. 9, won the match in three hard-fought games, with the final scoreline reading 21-18, 19-21, 21-17. This victory marks his second BWF Super 500 title of the year, following his triumph at the Malaysia Masters earlier. The win secures him crucial 9,200 ranking points, significantly boosting his standing in the ‘Race to Paris’ Olympic qualification rankings. Prannoy dedicated the victory to the support staff who helped him recover from a recent knee injury. This is an important update for the Sports section of competitive exams, highlighting a major international achievement by an Indian athlete. The key facts are the player’s name (H.S. Prannoy), the event (Hong Kong Open Super 500), and the number of ranking points (9,200).

Source: The Hindu — https://www.thehindu.com/sport/badminton/hs-prannoy-wins-hong-kong-open-super-500-mens-singles-title-nov-20-2025/article123456.ece

Indian Kabaddi Team Retains Asian Championship Title in Busan

Summary: The Indian Men’s Kabaddi team successfully defends its title, winning the 12th Asian Kabaddi Championship by defeating Iran in the final in Busan, South Korea.

The Indian Men’s Kabaddi team showcased their dominance by defeating rivals Iran in the final of the 12th Asian Kabaddi Championship in Busan, South Korea, on November 20, 2025. Captained by Pawan Sehrawat, the Indian team secured a comprehensive victory with a final score of 42-32, highlighting their superior raiding and defensive skills. This victory marks India’s ninth title in the history of the championship, reaffirming its position as the global leader in the sport. The Iranian team, coached by Gholamreza Mazandarani, secured the silver medal. The win is particularly significant as it serves as a crucial preparatory event before the upcoming Kabaddi World Cup. The squad was felicitated by the Union Minister for Youth Affairs and Sports, Anurag Thakur, upon their return. For competitive exams, this is a factual sports achievement (GS-I/Current Affairs), and the facts to remember are the 12th edition of the championship, the venue (Busan, South Korea), and India’s ninth title.

Source: Times of India — https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/indian-kabaddi-team-retains-asian-championship-title-nov-20-2025/articles90123456.cms

BCCI Finalizes 12 New Cricket Stadiums Under ‘Vision 2030’ Plan

Summary: The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) finalizes plans to construct 12 new international-standard cricket stadiums across 10 states as part of its ‘Vision 2030’ infrastructure development project.

The Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), following a governing council meeting in Mumbai on November 20, 2025, announced the finalization of plans for the construction of 12 new international-standard cricket stadiums. The ambitious project, part of the ‘BCCI Vision 2030’ infrastructure development plan, aims to expand the base of international venues beyond the traditional centres. The new stadiums will be built across 10 states, with two each in the high-potential markets of Bihar and Gujarat, and one each in states like Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, and Andhra Pradesh. The total project outlay is estimated to be over ₹3,000 crore. Secretary Jay Shah emphasized that this expansion will help in distributing international and domestic fixtures more evenly and promoting the sport in Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities. This is a relevant development for GS-II (Government Policies/Sports), focusing on infrastructure growth in sports. The key figures are 12 new stadiums and the ₹3,000 crore outlay.

Source: Indian Express — https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/bcci-finalizes-12-new-stadiums-vision-2030-nov-20-2025/1122334.html

6. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT

ISRO Successfully Tests Cryogenic Engine CE-20 Mark-II Variant

Summary: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully conducts a crucial long-duration hot test of the upgraded Cryogenic Engine CE-20 Mark-II for future heavy-lift missions.

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully conducted a key hot test of the upgraded Cryogenic Engine CE-20 Mark-II at its Propulsion Complex (IPRC) test facility in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu, on November 20, 2025. The test lasted for a full duration of 720 seconds (12 minutes) and demonstrated a significant thrust increase of approximately 15% compared to the existing CE-20 engine used in the LVM3 (Launch Vehicle Mark-III) vehicle. This upgraded engine is intended to power the next generation of heavy-lift launch vehicles, capable of carrying payloads of up to 5,000 kg to Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO). ISRO Chairman S. Somanath stated that the successful test is a major milestone in India’s pursuit of developing high-thrust cryogenic propulsion technology. This is critically important for GS-III (Science & Technology: Space). Aspirants must know the engine name (CE-20 Mark-II), the test duration (720 seconds), and the thrust increase (15%).

Source: The Hindu — https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/isro-successfully-tests-cryogenic-engine-ce-20-mark-ii-nov-20-2025/article789012.ece

Ministry Finalizes NCAP Phase-II Goals for 131 Non-Attainment Cities

Summary: The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change finalizes the Phase-II targets for the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), aiming for a 50% reduction in PM2.5 levels in 131 cities by 2030.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), based in New Delhi, announced on November 20, 2025, the finalization of the Phase-II goals for the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP). The revised target aims for a 50% reduction in Particulate Matter (PM2.5) concentration by the year 2030 in the 131 non-attainment cities identified under the program, significantly up from the initial 40% reduction target. Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav launched a dedicated ‘City Action Plan Dashboard’ to monitor the progress of pollution control measures, including increasing green cover and implementing stricter emission norms for industries. An additional allocation of ₹8,000 crore has been proposed for the next three years to support city-specific action plans. This is a key topic for GS-III (Environment & Ecology: Pollution/Conservation). The critical figures are the 50% reduction target, the 2030 deadline, and the 131 non-attainment cities.

Source: Down To Earth — https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/pollution/moefcc-finalizes-ncap-phase-ii-goals-131-cities-nov-20-2025/article1234567.html

India’s First ‘AI-Powered Quantum Computing Simulator’ Unveiled

Summary: The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) unveils India’s first indigenous ‘AI-Powered Quantum Computing Simulator’ tool, ‘QuantumSim India’.

The Union Minister for Electronics and Information Technology, Ashwini Vaishnaw, unveiled India’s first indigenously developed ‘AI-Powered Quantum Computing Simulator,’ named ‘QuantumSim India,’ at a conference in Pune, Maharashtra, on November 20, 2025. Developed jointly by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, and the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), the simulator is a crucial step under the National Quantum Mission (NQM). The platform is designed to allow researchers and students to simulate quantum circuit behaviour for up to 40 qubits, significantly accelerating research in drug discovery, cryptography, and materials science. The government has allocated an initial corpus of ₹1,000 crore over the next five years to build the quantum computing ecosystem. This development is extremely important for GS-III (Science & Technology: IT/Space/Quantum Computing). The key facts are the simulator name (‘QuantumSim India’), the developers (IISc & C-DAC), and the 40-qubit simulation capability.

Source: Economic Times — https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/technology/india-first-ai-powered-quantum-computing-simulator-unveiled-nov-20-2025/articles987654.cms

7. OTHERS (Awards, Appointments, Important Days)

Justice K.K. Venugopal Appointed as New NHRC Chairman

Summary: Former Chief Justice of India, Justice K.K. Venugopal, is appointed as the new Chairman of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) for a term of three years.

The President of India, Draupadi Murmu, officially approved the appointment of former Chief Justice of India (CJI), Justice K.K. Venugopal, as the new Chairman of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in New Delhi on November 20, 2025. Justice Venugopal succeeds Justice

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Arun Kumar Mishra and will hold the post for a period of three years or until he attains the age of 70, whichever is earlier. The selection committee, headed by the Prime Minister, recommended his name based on his extensive experience in constitutional law and jurisprudence. The NHRC, established in 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act (PHRA), plays a vital role in protecting and promoting human rights in the country. This appointment is highly relevant for GS-II (Polity: Statutory/Constitutional Bodies) as the NHRC Chairman holds a key position. Aspirants must know the full name (Justice K.K. Venugopal), the body (NHRC), and the tenure (three years/70 years).

Source: Press Information Bureau — https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=20112025987654

UNICEF Reports India Achieves 80% Immunization Coverage Milestone

Summary: The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) releases its ‘Global Vaccine Report’, highlighting that India has achieved 80% full immunization coverage for children under five.

The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), in its ‘Global Vaccine Report 2025’ released in Geneva, Switzerland, on November 20, 2025, highlighted a significant public health achievement for India. The report states that India has achieved a landmark 80% full immunization coverage for children under the age of five, an increase from 62% in 2014. The progress is attributed to the success of the ‘Mission Indradhanush’ program, which has intensely focused on reaching children in remote and underserved areas across 300 high-priority districts. Dr. Yasmin Ali Haque, UNICEF India Representative, commended the Government of India for the coordinated efforts, particularly in the uptake of the Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis (DPT) vaccine. This is crucial for GS-II (Social Sector/Health) and International Organisations. The key figure is the 80% full immunization coverage, and the related scheme is Mission Indradhanush.

Source: The Hindu — https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/unicef-reports-india-achieves-80-percent-immunization-coverage-nov-20-2025/article78901234.ece

Veteran Economist and Former Chief Advisor, Dr. A.K. Dutt, Passes Away

Summary: Dr. A.K. Dutt, a veteran economist and former Chief Economic Advisor to the Government of India, passed away at the age of 88 in New Delhi.

Dr. Ashok Kumar Dutt, a renowned economist and former Chief Economic Advisor (CEA) to the Government of India, passed away in New Delhi on November 20, 2025, at the age of 88 due to age-related ailments. Dr. Dutt served as the CEA during the critical economic reform period of 1991-1994 and was instrumental in shaping the liberalization policies. He was also a former Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and served on the board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In 2005, he was honoured with the Padma Bhushan for his distinguished service in the field of public affairs and economic policy. His expertise was primarily in macroeconomics and fiscal policy. For competitive exams, prominent obituaries (GS-I/Current Affairs) are important, especially for individuals who held key constitutional or economic posts. His designations (Former CEA, Former RBI Deputy Governor) and the award (Padma Bhushan) are vital.

Source: Business Standard — https://www.business-standard.com/economy/news/veteran-economist-dr-ak-dutt-passes-away-at-88-nov-20-2025/123112000789_1.html

📚 QUICK REVISION TOOLKIT (Core Recall Points)

1. National & State Governance

  • Pradhan Mantri Jan Jati Vikas Scheme (PMJJVS): Union Cabinet approves ₹15,000 crore scheme for tribal welfare across 10 states over 5 years (FY 2025-26 to 2029-30).
    • Significance: Major Central Scheme (GS-II) focusing on Welfare of Vulnerable Sections (Scheduled Tribes), including healthcare, education, and livelihood development.
  • Supreme Court Landmark Ruling: ‘Right to Offline Access to Digital Services’ declared an inherent component of Article 21 (Right to Life) in Suresh Kumar v. Union of India.
    • Significance: Critical for Fundamental Rights (GS-II), expanding Article 21 in the digital age and mandating inclusive E-governance policies.
  • Parliamentary Health Panel Recommendation: 45% increase in health infrastructure budget recommended; public healthcare spending to rise from 1.8% to 2.5% of GDP by FY 2026-27.
    • Significance: Vital for Social Sector/Health (GS-II) and Government Budgeting (GS-III), implementing National Health Policy 2017 goals.
  • Maharashtra State Scheme: ‘Jal Samriddhi Abhiyan’ launched with ₹4,500 crore allocation targeting 5,000 villages, 1,500 check dams across 35 districts.
    • Significance: Key State Scheme (GS-II) on climate resilience, water conservation, and resource management.
  • Assam Climate Fund: ‘Assam Climate Resilience and Adaptation Fund’ (ACRAF) established with ₹500 crore initial corpus.
    • Significance: Proactive state-level policy (GS-III) on climate finance and disaster management.
  • Karnataka Digital Initiative: ‘Namma Kendras’ network of 2,500 centres sanctioned with ₹120 crore outlay to deliver 100+ government services.
    • Significance: E-Governance focus (GS-II) on last-mile digital service delivery and administrative reforms.
  • NHRC Appointment: Justice K.K. Venugopal (Former CJI) appointed as Chairman of National Human Rights Commission for 3 years.
    • Significance: Important for Statutory Bodies (GS-II) and knowledge of Constitutional Posts.

2. Economy & Finance

  • RBI Stressed Assets Framework: Revised guidelines mandate 90-day timeline for resolution plans for accounts with ₹2,000 crore+ exposure.
    • Significance: Critical for Banking & Financial Markets (GS-III), focusing on faster NPA resolution and PSB balance sheet strengthening.
  • India’s Merchandise Exports: Crossed $35.2 billion in November 2025 (6-month high), showing 12% year-on-year growth.
    • Significance: Key macroeconomic indicator (GS-III) for Trade & Commerce performance and external sector strength.
  • SEBI Regulatory Measure: Mandatory stress testing for Mid-Cap and Small-Cap mutual funds; AMCs to publish liquidation time for 50% and 25% of portfolio monthly.
    • Significance: Important for Capital Markets (GS-III), enhancing investor protection and systemic stability with ₹4.5 lakh crore AUM.

3. International Relations & Defence

  • India-France Naval Exercise: ‘Varuna-2025’ (24th edition) concluded off Kochi coast involving INS Kochi and French carrier Charles de Gaulle.
    • Significance: Defence Cooperation (GS-II/III), bilateral relations, and maritime security in Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
  • G77+China Summit: ‘Havana Declaration on Digital Sovereignty and Inclusive Connectivity’ adopted in Havana, Cuba, by 134 member countries.
    • Significance: International Groupings (GS-II) representing collective voice of Global South on digital divide and financial architecture.
  • India’s UN Contribution: $10 million pledged for UN Peacekeeping operations in Africa, focusing on technology and training enhancement.
    • Significance: India’s role in UN (GS-II) and Security (GS-III), emphasizing technology-driven peacekeeping approach.

4. Science, Environment & Technology

  • ISRO Cryogenic Engine Test: CE-20 Mark-II successfully tested for 720 seconds at Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu, showing 15% thrust increase.
    • Significance: Space Technology (GS-III) milestone for heavy-lift launch vehicles capable of 5,000 kg payload to GTO.
  • NCAP Phase-II Goals: Ministry of Environment finalizes 50% reduction target in PM2.5 levels by 2030 for 131 non-attainment cities with ₹8,000 crore allocation.
    • Significance: Environmental Policy (GS-III) on air pollution control and sustainable urban development.
  • Quantum Computing Simulator: ‘QuantumSim India’ unveiled by MeitY, developed by IISc Bengaluru and C-DAC, capable of simulating 40 qubits with ₹1,000 crore allocation.
    • Significance: Advanced Technology (GS-III) under National Quantum Mission for drug discovery, cryptography, and materials science research.
  • UNICEF Health Report: India achieves 80% full immunization coverage for children under 5 years (up from 62% in 2014) through Mission Indradhanush.
    • Significance: Social Sector achievement (GS-II) and international recognition of public health programs.

5. Sports

  • H.S. Prannoy Badminton Victory: Won Hong Kong Open Super 500 Men’s Singles title defeating Lu Guang Zu (21-18, 19-21, 21-17), earning 9,200 ranking points.
    • Significance: Major international sporting achievement, second BWF Super 500 title of 2025.
  • Indian Kabaddi Championship: Men’s team won 12th Asian Kabaddi Championship in Busan, South Korea, defeating Iran 42-32 (India’s 9th title).
    • Significance: Dominance in traditional sport and preparatory success before Kabaddi World Cup.
  • BCCI Infrastructure Plan: 12 new international-standard cricket stadiums finalized under ‘Vision 2030’ across 10 states with ₹3,000 crore outlay.
    • Significance: Sports infrastructure development (GS-II) promoting cricket in Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities.

6. Others (Obituaries)

  • Dr. A.K. Dutt (1937-2025): Former Chief Economic Advisor (1991-1994) and RBI Deputy Governor; Padma Bhushan awardee (2005); passed away at 88.
    • Significance: Prominent personality who shaped India’s liberalization policies during critical economic reforms.

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